Tools to use in academia to jointly review a thesis

  • Track change mode in Microsoft word, where after a reviewer has posted comments and made changes it can be seen by all and also another reviewer could write their comments.
  • Adobe Acrobat’s feature called‘Shared Review’. Only viewed on a single platform, here the comments can be posted in the pdf file itself.
  • Latexdiffcite, which can give you the difference between different commits.

 

Structure of a clinical case report

Different journals have different formats, therefore it is advisable to select few target journals and read them to get a general idea of the sequence and format in which the content should be placed.
In general, case reports include the following components:

 

Things to avoid to frame a good research paper title

Drafting a good research paper title needs serious thought. Researchers focus so much on their research findings that they tend to forget the important role played by the title of their paper. Though it seems a simple task, in reality the process of choosing a suitable title demands consistent thinking and attention. This step is a critical one because readers will search online and through databases and bibliographies based on the title. Therefore, it is imperative that you have a title that can drive your targeted audience/readers to your research paper. An interesting research topic combined with an accurate title will definitely draw more attention to your work from peers and the public.

There are many pre-set criteria that help researchers write a perfect research paper title. But it would also be helpful to have a list of what should never go into the title of a journal article. The following list can act as a useful reckoner about what to avoid in your research title in order to increase the impact of your research.

A Handy List of Don’ts

  • The period is generally not used in a title (even a declarative phrase can work without a period)
  • Any type of dashes to separate title elements or hyphens to link words is allowed.
  • Chemical formulae should be noted in their generic or common names. For example H2O, CH4, etc should be avoided.
  • The title should not include roman numerals (e.g., III, IX, etc.).
  • Try not to include semi-colons; however, the colon can be used to make two-part titles.
  • The taxonomic hierarchy of species of plants, animals, fungi, etc. is not needed.
  • Abbreviations confuse readers, so they should be avoided (except for RNA, DNA which is standard now and widely known).
  • Initials and acronyms should not be included as they create confusion. (e.g., “Ca” may get confused with CA, which denotes cancer).
  • It’s good to avoid query marks as they probably decrease the number of citations, but a query mark is useful in economics and philosophy papers or when the findings are undecided).
  • Too many offbeat words can influence the Altmetric Attention Score; using common words is better.
  • Avoid using numerical exponents or units (e.g. km-1 or km/hr).
  • Phrases should be direct and factual (e.g., “with” could be rewritten with the more specific verb “amongst”).
  • Complex drug names should be avoided (use the generic name if allowed to).
  • Do not include obvious or non-specific openings with a conjunction (e.g., “Report on,” “A Study of,” “Results of,” “An Experimental Investigation of,” etc. because they don’t contribute any meaning).
  • Italicize only species names of studied organisms.
  • Avoid using shortened scientific names (write Escherichia coli and not coli).
  • Try to wrap the title within 50 to 100 characters as shorter titles are cited more often.

These steps would help a researcher to form an effective and relevant title for their research paper. A title should be interesting predicts the content of the research paper and also reflect the tone of the writing.

Academic Journals

Academic journals are also known as periodicals. They usually include the research works of a variety of people specialising in diverse areas of academics. Academic journals are not written by every regular author, but only by professionals who are approved to share their opinions, knowledge and researches with a huge community consisting of educationists, professors and students. The reason behind writing in academic journals is to enhance the information in universal and in explicit sense, as well as to share the information with students and other experts belonging to the same field or discipline.

The present article on “Academic Journals” gives detailed information about academic journals and some basic tips as guidance while writing for academic journals.

Types of Academic Journals

Academic journal writing differs on the basis of its subject matter. In a broader sense, academic journals can be characterised under the following types.

  • Art journals
  • Arts and Education
  • Biological Sciences
  • Business Journals
  • Legal Studies
  • Medical Sciences
  • Physical Sciences
  • Research Journals
  • Scholarly Journals
  • Science Journals
  • Social Sciences

Tips for Academic Journals Writing

In order to produce a remarkable piece of content, which is suitable for publishing, it is necessary to follow specific kinds of formats and procedures.

  • Ensure to write significant and relevant points and sentences. Avoid unnecessary and repetitive information. Pay extra attention while selecting words and phrases.
  • Try to maintain a formal tone in your writing. Besides, ensure that the sentences are composed from the viewpoint of a third party.
  • Remember that the readers of your articles are people from your own field or discipline. Thus, it is typical to assume that they already possess basic knowledge about what you will be writing. Consequently, this eliminates the need of explaining the information in much detail.
  • Ensure to format and organise your written matter into various segments so that the article looks well-arranged and easy to comprehend.
  • Although not mandatory, it is always beneficial to go through the process of peer review. By the help of this process, one or more professionals belonging to your specific field will read and analyse your written material and provide suggestions for improvement.
  • After finishing writing the article, ensure to revise and proofread it. Read it again and again to check and eliminate any kind of mistake in spellings, punctuation, grammar, concepts, and/or reasoning.

Writing for academic journals is not that tough if taken proper steps and assistance. As these journals are usually written by professionals, there are fewer chances of errors, but one can never be too sure about this. Hence, it is advised to follow some basic tips and guidelines while writing your articles for academic journals in order to avoid any kind of mistake or error.

Academic Style of Writing

When writing, you should use a formal, academic style. Academic writing does not have to be elaborate or complicated. A well-structured, straightforward paper is more easily understood and your ideas better appreciated than one filled with complicated sentences and words.

Strong academic writing must

  •  Be well-organized, with ideas presented in a logical order;
  •  Present objective analysis that is critical without being too negative or positive;
  •  Use clear language that is simple without being basic;
  •  Avoid emotional language.

Every field has its style of writing. The best way to become familiar with the style used in your field is to read and note how effective authors write.