In grammar, to modify is to change or add to the meaning of another word. A modifier is a word or group of words that does this.
 Adjectives modify nouns.
 Nouns can also be modified by other nouns and by prepositional phrases.
For example:
Edgar Degas favoured his studio to the open (adjective) air.
Preferring to paint at the racecourse and in ballet (noun) studios.
There was a smear of mud (prepositional phrase) on his nose.
 Adverbs modify adjectives.
Isabella can very (adverb) easily come across as a prig.
Modifiers that come before the word they modify are referred to as Premodifiers:
Open air.
Those that follow the word they modify are Postmodifiers:
A smear of mud.
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